Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) Biology Practice Test

Which two body systems are responsible for sending signals throughout the body?

1. Digestive and respiratory

2. Circulatory and nervous

3. Endocrine and muscular

4. Immune and excretory

The correct answer is: Circulatory and nervous

The body systems responsible for sending signals throughout the body are the circulatory and nervous systems. The nervous system plays a crucial role in transmitting electrical signals between neurons, allowing for rapid communication and responses to stimuli. It processes information and coordinates functions by sending messages to different parts of the body quickly. On the other hand, the circulatory system contributes to signal transmission through the bloodstream by transporting hormones and other signaling molecules produced by the endocrine glands. This allows for communication over longer distances within the body, facilitating processes such as growth, metabolism, and response to stress. In contrast, the other combinations of body systems do not primarily focus on signaling. The digestive and respiratory systems are mainly involved in nutrient absorption and gas exchange, while the endocrine system, despite its role in hormonal signaling, does not work directly with the muscular system for signaling. The immune and excretory systems also have distinct functions that do not revolve around signaling throughout the body as a primary role.